The Iconic Ripon Building: A Neoclassical Masterpiece in Chennai

Located on EVR Salai (formerly Poonamallee High Road), the Ripon Building stands as an enduring symbol of Chennai’s rich history and governance. Completed in 1913, this iconic structure, designed by architect G.S.T. Harris and built under the supervision of Loganatha Mudaliar, has been home to the Greater Chennai Corporation for over a century.

The building owes its name to Lord Ripon, the Viceroy of India from 1880 to 1884, who was instrumental in introducing local self-governance reforms in the country. Reflecting his legacy, the Madras Corporation evolved into a modern municipal body, transitioning from its earlier reliance on local administrators like the Adhikari, Kanakku pillai, and Pedda Nayak. It was the first municipal corporation of its kind outside Europe, a fact that highlights its historical significance. 

The Ripon Building is a shining example of Neo-Classical architecture, with its pristine white facade and subtle Indo-Saracenic influences.  The structure prominently features a symmetrical facade with elaborate arches, columns, and balustrades, which exude elegance and harmony. It is primarily built with brick and lime mortar, with chunnam (a special lime mixture) used to give the building its signature white appearance. The building is adorned with a series of Corinthian columns and semi-circular arches on its multiple levels, providing a grand and stately look. The building showcases detailed cornices, pilasters, and moldings, creating an interplay of light and shadow that enhances its aesthetic appeal.

At its center rises the 43-meter clock tower, which houses the famed Westminster Chiming Clock, a timepiece that has become a landmark in itself. The architectural elements, including fluted cornices, rusticated lower walls, and decorative balusters, showcase the meticulous craftsmanship of the era.

Spread across an expansive 10,000 square meters, the building is thoughtfully designed with three floors and two spacious internal courtyards, separated by a grand wooden staircase. Rooms open into verandahs that line the courtyards or the exterior, ensuring ample natural light and ventilation. The entire structure is topped with Madras Terrace roofs, a hallmark of early 20th-century construction in the region.

The Ripon Building was completed at a cost of ₹750,000, a significant sum in its time. The construction took more than four years and was supported by a foundation that reaches an impressive 17 meters below ground. 

The Ripon Building is far more than a mere administrative hub. It represents the growth and evolution of Chennai as a city. Over the decades, its walls have witnessed countless decisions that have shaped the city’s future, while its architecture remains a testament to the fusion of aesthetic brilliance and functional design.

Even today, the Ripon Building continues to captivate onlookers with its majestic facade and timeless charm. It stands as a reminder of Chennai’s vibrant past, its administrative milestones, and its commitment to preserving its heritage. For those who walk its corridors, it offers not just a glimpse of history but also a sense of pride in the enduring legacy of this magnificent city.

Happy travelling.