The structure of Vellore Jalagandeswarar Temple

The fort city of Vellore in Tamil Nadu is renowned for its massive fort, and within its imposing walls lies the stunning Jalagandeswarar Temple. In my earlier post, I shared the fascinating legend and history of this temple. Now, let’s take a closer look at its awe-inspiring architecture, intricate sculptures, and splendid icons.

The Jalagandeswarar Temple features a majestic seven-tiered gopuram (tower) that stands tall alongside the fort’s long, fortress-like walls. Entering through this grand tower, you are greeted by the Kalyana Mandapam (wedding hall), a masterpiece of 16th-century artistry, and a smaller three-tiered gopuram inside.

The Kalyana Mandapam is the temple’s crown jewel, with breathtaking sculptures, intricately carved pillars, and ornamental ceilings. At the mandap’s entrance, six massive pillars feature dynamic carvings of soldiers mounted on horses battling cheetahs—each one unique in design.

Inside, the mandap houses 24 intricately sculpted pillars, each divided into three sections with four detailed sculptures in each section, making it a feast for the eyes. On the mandap platform, an additional 16 pillars showcase mythological figures like Yazhis, lions, and Bhootas, all beautifully crafted.

Highlights of the mandap’s carvings include depictions of Krishna lifting Govardhana, a dancing warrior maiden, Nataraja with one leg raised skyward, and Gajendra Moksha. Describing all the sculptures in words is nearly impossible—you must visit to truly experience their magnificence.

Passing through the inner temple tower, you’ll arrive at the main shrine. The first deity you encounter is Valampuri Vinayaka, a rare form of Ganesha with his trunk curved to the right. Moving ahead, you’ll find the flagstaff and then the sanctum, which houses a massive Shiv Linga representing Jalagandeswarar. Guarding the sanctum are two imposing Dwarapalas (gatekeepers).

The sanctum is surrounded by a small corridor displaying exquisite metal utsava (processional) icons, including Brahma, Bhikshataneswarar, Dakshinamurti, and Chandrasekarar. The sanctum’s walls feature niche sculptures of Ganesha, Dakshinamurti, Lingodbhava, Brahma, and Durga. As customary, Chandikeshwara is also present nearby.

The temple’s outer corridor is equally rich in divine imagery. A prominent shrine is dedicated to Nataraja and his consort Sivakami. Surrounding them are images of Surya, Chandra, Bhairava, Shaneeswarar, and the 63 Nayanmars.

The corridor also houses the shrine of the temple’s Goddess, Akhilandeswari, with niche sculptures of Ganesh, Chandikeswari, and four forms of Ambal on the surrounding walls. Adjacent to this shrine are icons of Lakshmi and Saraswati.

Additional shrines are dedicated to Murugan with his consorts Valli and Devasena, as well as Venkatesa Perumal, with Garuda facing him. Two striking Nandi icons—one near the sanctum and another by the flagstaff—add to the temple’s grandeur.

The Jalagandeswarar Temple, with its blend of history, art, and spirituality, is a true gem of Vellore Fort. A visit to Vellore isn’t complete without exploring this architectural marvel.

Happy travelling.

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